Peppermint Packs a Powerful Punch

Botanical name: Mentha x piperita
Family: Lamiaceae
Parts used: aerial portions (mainly leaves, flowers)
Properties: aromatic, carminative, anodyne, stimulating nervine, anti-spasmodic, stimulating diaphoretic, anti-emetic
Used for: stomach upset, hiccups, bad breath, colds, flu, fever, sinus congestion, gas, nausea, spasms, headaches, externally to soothe itching and inflammation of the skin
Plant preparations: tea, tincture, wash, essential oil, culinary

It’s easy to overlook peppermint. I mean everyone knows about peppermint. If someone is going to have one herbal tea in their house it most often is peppermint. It’s famous in candies such as peppermint drops and candy canes and is a frequent flavoring in chewing gum, liqueurs and even over-the-counter medicine.

It’s almost as if peppermint has been overdone and it’s easy for us to brush aside common herbs as we race for more exotic plants. But that is why at HerbMentor.com we like to focus on individual plants so that we can spend a couple months really getting to know the plant. So that we can truly appreciate all it has to offer and fully recognize that the reason common plants are so… well, common, is because they can DO so much!

When’s the last time you had a strong brew of peppermint tea? Did you marvel at its complex energetic qualities? Were you astounded that while sipping the hot liquid you felt a distinctly cooling energy from your mouth, down your esophagus and into your stomach? Or were you just so relieved at how well it was quelling your sour stomach that you forgot to notice? Go on, drink some more. This sensation truly has to be felt in order to fully appreciate it.

This distinctly cooling action is due to the plant’s high menthol content. This volatile oil is present in many mints and is one way this plant offers us powerful medicine.

The active constituent in peppermint is menthol and is responsible for the cooling effect peppermint has. Menthol also inhibits the nerves that react to painful stimuli, giving relief to muscle spasms, coughs, intestinal cramping and more.

Kristine Brown
Herbal Roots Zine: Peppermint

What’s in a name…

You’ll notice that peppermint has a somewhat different botanical name. Mentha x piperita. The “x” lets us know that this plant is a hybrid. Peppermint is a cross between spearmint (Mentha spicata) and water mint (Mentha aquatica). While many different mints have been in use throughout human history, it was only in the late 17th century that peppermint was recognized as a separate species in England. It was added to the England pharmacopeia in 1721.

Since we know peppermint so well there is one attribute we can’t overlook! It tastes great! If you’ve been studying herbalism for more than a couple of days, then it will come as no surprise to you that not all herbs taste good. It’s true!

Peppermint then becomes a powerful ally for those people with hypersensitive taste buds that are easily attacked by not-so-great tasting herbs.

Peppermint also offers some valuable nutrient qualities as well. One ounce of dried peppermint contains 540mg of calcium, 220mg of magnesium and 753 mg of potassium.

As an aromatic carminative… 

Peppermint shines as an herb that helps with digestion in a myriad of ways.

Have a tummy ache? Try a cup of peppermint tea. Have a nervous stomach? Try a cup of peppermint tea. Have diarrhea? Try a cup of peppermint tea! Have gas and bloating after a meal? You guessed it! Try some peppermint tea!

Peppermint has the added bonus of freshening your breath. And, if you need it in a pinch, you can often find it at coffee shops and grocery stores.

Peppermint doesn’t just help with your every day or run-of-the-mill tummy aches. It has also been clinically proven to be helpful for people suffering with severe digestive disorders such as irritable bowel syndrome and ulcerative colitis although, for these complaints, peppermint oil is taken in an enteric coated capsule. This special capsule coating is strong enough to pass through the stomach and then dissolves in the intestines where the medicine is needed most.

From its stimulating, stomachic and carminative properties, it is valuable in certain forms of dyspepsia, being mostly used for flatulence and colic. It may also be employed for other sudden pains and for cramp in the abdomen; wide use is made of Peppermint in cholera and diarrhoea.

Maude Grieve
A Modern Herbal

I learned from 7Song that peppermint tea is a great cure for hiccups. It works!

You can purchase incredibly strong and aromatic peppermint from 
Mountain Rose Herbs. 

Using this link helps support this blog. Thank you! 

As an anodyne… 

Peppermint works wonderfully to soothe pain. It is commonly used for headaches. As we’ve discussed it can help a variety of painful digestive complaints.

It can be applied externally to relieve pain as well. A friend of mine with neuropathy in his feet due to diabetes swears that peppermint essential oil is the only thing that relieves his pain.

Peppermint can also relieve the itching and inflammation of sunburns, poison oak/ivy and hives. You can use the tea as a wash or add a strong brew to bath water.

Oil of Peppermint is rubefacient and anodyne. It is used alone or in combination with other oils for the relief of neuralgia and toothache, in both of which it is often very efficient. …Still it is used largely to relieve local pain, especially that of burns and scalds.

Felter’s Materia Medica
1922

As an antispasmodic… 

Peppermint can ease tonic muscles. It can be used for menstrual cramps or a sore back. Have a tension headache? Try a poultice of peppermint over your forehead or at the base of your neck.

As a stimulating herb… 

Peppermint is often referred to as a stimulating herb. It’s easy to envision coffee or tea when we talk about stimulating nervines since we know the caffeine content gives us that noticeable zing of temporary energy. And while peppermint doesn’t have the caffeine jolt, it does promote alertness. Just recently someone in the HerbMentor.com forums said he was able to wean himself off of coffee by drinking strong peppermint infusions instead.

For colds and flu… 

Peppermint has long been used to address fevers that accompany the flu. It opens the pores of the body, allowing the heat to escape and making it a great choice for fevers when the person is restless and feels hot.

A traditional western herbal formula is the combination of elder flowers (Sambucus nigra, S. cerulea), peppermint and yarrow.

An infusion of equal quantities of Peppermint herb and Elder flowers (to which either Yarrow or Boneset may be added) will banish a cold or mild attack of influenza within thirty-six hours, and there is no danger of an overdose or any harmful action on the heart.

Maude Grieve
A Modern Herbal

Peppermint can also be used as an herbal steam to break up congestion in the lungs. The essential oil can also be inhaled with similar effects.

Peppermint possesses aromatic, sudorific, and antispasmodic properties. It is an efficient agent in spasms of wind, sickness, colic, diarrhoea, and other acute attacks of similar nature. It is generally exhibited in the warm infusion, which is to be prepared, and kept, while warm, in a covered vessel, so as to prevent the escape of steam. …it frequently gives relief after failure with all other means previously employed.

John G. Hatfield
Botanic Pharmacopeia
1886

Botanically speaking… 

As a member of the mint family, peppermint possesses the opposite leaves and square stems that are an identifying characteristic for this family.

The flowers are white to pink to purplish and are arranged in whorls around the stem. Each individual flower has the characteristic lip shape of the mint family.

Peppermint grows anywhere from 12 – 35 inches tall.

Most peppermint does not produce viable seeds. The best way to propagate it is by root cuttings. Beware, the peppermint will take over wherever you plant it. One way to keep its growth in check is to plant it in a container. It prefers moist soils, but is famous for growing practically everywhere.

Plant Preparations… 

Peppermint can be used in a variety of ways.

It can be made into a tea by infusing a tsp or more into 8 ounces of just-boiled water. Be sure to steep the peppermint tea in a covered container to decrease the loss of volatile oils. In five minutes you’ll have a lovely tasting tea.

Peppermint is commonly used as an essential oil. This can be used externally in ointments or taken internally. Please use caution when using any essential oil internally as it can cause serious problems if used incorrectly.

Infusing peppermint into oil leaves you with an oil that is great for sore muscles, pain, and cramping that can be used externally. It can also be used externally as a poultice or as a tea wash.

Special considerations… 

Peppermint is generally safe for everyone.

In some sensitive individuals it can cause heartburn. Taken in excess it could dry up breast milk.

Try peppermint and share with me!

A few years ago my friend Kimberly really inspired me to get out of my herbal rut and try favorite herbs in different ways. I would like to pass on that inspiration and really encourage people to use it in ways they haven’t before. Have a headache? Try peppermint! Need to soothe an upset tummy? Reach for the peppermint. If you’ve never tried an oil infusion or an herbal steam with peppermint, then do!

What's your favorite way to use peppermint? Are you inspired to try something new with peppermint? Let me know in the comments below!

This article was originally published on HerbMentor.com. 

Plants in France: Lady's Mantle

Lady’s Mantle often said to be a magical plant and has long been associated with the alchemists. People have long been fascinated with the perfect little droplets of morning dew are found on the leaves and these drops continue to persist well after dew has dried from other plants. This water was collected and used by alchemists in their attempts to create gold. 

Herbalist Maurice Mességué romantically proclaims it is not morning dew but water created from the plant itself. However you look at it though, this little plant is full of magic. I started growing it this year in my garden and now it’s a morning ritual of mine to head outside first thing to see all the beautiful droplets. 

You can see other posts in this series here: Linden and Gentian. 

The genus name, Alchemilla, means, little alchemist while the species, vulgaris, indicates it is common. We typically use Alchemilla vulgaris for herbal medicine but there are over 300 species of Lady’s mantle and many are used similarly. 

It is Native to Europe and Asia but widely cultivated in gardens. I loved seeing Lady’s Mantle growing wild in France. I most commonly saw it in higher elevations.

Lady’s mantle is in the rose family, or Rosaceae, and is used in a similar way to many rose family plants. (Or as the herbalist Michael Moore coined, YARFA, yet another rose family astringent.)

The flowers bloom roughly from June to August and each plant has lots of numerous small flowers which are green to yellow in color. The flowers do not have petals. The leaves are what are typically harvested for medicine and they are ideally harvested before the plant flowers. 

Long associated with women’s health. Lady’s Mantle gets its common name from a German translation and is also associated with the virgin Mary, which is why the name is Lady’s Mantle with a ‘y’ and not Ladies’ mantle with an ‘ie’. 

The French have a couple names for this plant. One is Peid-de-leon or Lion’s foot because the leaves look like a lion’s paw. It is also referred to as ALCHÉMILLE. 

If you wanted to sum up Lady’s mantle quickly one might say it is a rose family astringent and it is used in many of the classic ways that we use astringents. Such as spongy lax tissues such as bleeding gums, diarrhea and to stop bleeding. 

Nowadays Lady’s Mantle is strongly connected to women’s health. It is used for excessive menstruation, uterine fibroids, as a tonic taken just before labor as well as postpartum. It’s used for leucorrhea and vaginal infections. Nicholas Culpeper recommended it as a fertility herb. 

Before it was associated so strongly with women, it was most famous as an herb for wounds. It was used on the battle field as well as for infected wounds such as gangrene. The root was especially prized as a styptic herb, or an herb that stops bleeding. 

Lady's mantle is a bitter astringent best known as a remedy for female problems dependent on prolapse and boggy, damp, weak tissue. As a bitter astringent it acts on both atrophy and relaxation to increase healthy nutrition and decrease unhealthy dampness. It removes water from the tissues, at the same time improving the quality of the fluids.

Matt Wood

Matt Wood also cites sources that use Lady’s mantle primarily as an herb for the heart, to tone the cardiovascular system. He also mentions its use for healing hernias and other ruptured membranes such as perforated ears. 

Here’s a simple rose family tea that uses Lady’s Mantle. It is astringent and tonifying to the uterus. I use this formula for leukorrhea or dampness in the lower burner. 

Do you use Lady's Mantle? 

I'd love to hear how you are using this magical plant. 

The Story of an Infamous French Herbalist: Maurice Messegue

“I make a point of asking everyone who comes to consult me: “Do you like your job?” It’s so important for the morale; a patient who is happy in his work is always much easier to cure.”

Maurice Mességué

Maurice Mességué is a French herbalist who began practicing in earnest in 1947, a time when there were virtually no herbalists in North America. He primarily used hand and foot baths to administer herbs and was a champion of carefully harvested and prepared herbal medicines. 

I write this article using only two sources, both of them Mességué’s own books which were written decades ago. So essentially what follows is my summary and pondering of Mességué’s written work and I can not substantiate whether or not his amazing story is 100% fact. 

Maurice Mességué is the author of numerous books. The two I referenced for this article include his autobiography and a book of materia medica. The title of his autobiography is Des hommes et des plantes which is translated both as Of Men and Plants and Of People and Plants was written in 1970. His book of materia medica is the Health Secrets of Plants and Herbs and was written in 1975. 

Mességué’s Roots

Born in 1921 in southwestern France, Mességué learned to use plants to heal ailments from his father who had learned it from his grandmother and so on down their ancestral line. His autobiography begins by saying,  “To know a river you have to know its source.” And for him, that source was his father, Camille Mességué.

Camille Mességué seems to have been a naturalist. He never did much work (for wages) and Maurice describes him as an observer of nature. He was known for several miles around (a great deal of distance before modern transportation) as a healer and helped a couple people a month with their various ills. He also was a water diviner (using a witch hazel wand) and a hunter. He never accepted money for his herbal treatments or his water divining. 

Mességué recounts his first lesson on herbal baths from his father. He was just a young boy and was having trouble with sleeping. His parents laid out a large copper basin and filled it with linden (Tilia sp.)  infused water. Maurice likens the deep sleep following a linden bath as a “drug induced sleep”. 

To heal people Camille Mességué used about forty different plants, hot water and laughter. He harvested and prepared all of the plants himself taking great care to harvest at the appropriate times. He preferred harvests during times of the new moon. He tells the young Maurice, “My boy, remember, never [harvest] when there’s a full moon; moonlight saps their strength. For plants to be at their best they need plenty of sunshine and very little moonlight.” 

Rosemary growing on a thousand year old wall in southern France

When Maurice was 11 years old his father died by accident from a self inflicted bullet wound. Mességué was put into boarding school where he was ridiculed and almost entirely friendless for three years. During that time he clung to the memory of his father, repeating in his head all that he had taught him about plants. Plants were his only solace, he harvested them, made teas from them and kept them near him to remind him of his heritage. 

In his youth Mességué never imagined himself taking up his father’s healing methods and certainly never imagined it would be his career. His father never took money for his “cures”. But he was occasionally questioned about using plants for medicine because of the reputation of his father. According to Mességué he was summoned one day to administer to Admiral Francois Darlan who was in charge of the entire French Navy. This was to be the first of many famous people Mességué would attend to. 

In 1944 Mességué was recruited for the STO or Service du Travail Oligatoire (Forced Working Parties). The STO was a “deal” between Germany and France, for every 3 French people who went to Germany to work one French prisoner of war was released. Mességué was forced to pack hurriedly and was escorted to board the train to Germany. He obligingly went in one door of the train and then promptly walked out another. After escaping the STO he said the only thing left to do was join the maquis, the guerrillas who found for the liberation of France. 

He survived the war efforts and in 1945 found himself as a teacher at a school in Bergerac, France. One day he came across a student who was suffering from a severe stomach ache. He gave him plants as a poultice and the next day the student was well again. Overtime he became known as a healer amongst his students. The students shared their “cures” with their parents and before long Mességué was seeing 15 patients a week! Upon learning of his administrations, the principle of the school was enraged and accused him of taking advantage of the parents. He ordered him to quit his herbal consultations at once. Mességué was outraged, especially since he hadn’t charged for any of his advice or herbs. He promptly left Bergerac and headed to Nice to take up his calling as a healer. He chose this town because an old friend of his father’s, who was also a doctor, resided there. 

Becoming an Herbalist

Mességué headed to Nice his head filled with exciting ideas. He would find his father’s friend and ask him for referrals. He would be in practice in no time! Upon meeting with the doctor shortly after arrival he was immediately rebuked. The doctor warned him he would be crazy to try to set up shop without a diploma. At this point in time Mességué had no understanding that one needed to be a doctor or have a diploma in order to help people. In two years time he would become very familiar with the legalities of practice. 

Undeterred Mességué found lodgings in Nice and had business cards made up, which he promptly posted to the front door of his residence naively thinking he would be booming with business in no time. Months went by with not one patient and when his money grew short he got desperate. 

Not having money for food Mességué asked a homeless beggar for tips on getting free meals. The man took him to a soup kitchen. While eating his soup Mességué noticed the man was covered in dry eczema which he constantly itched. Mességué offered to treat him, but the man refused. Finally Mességué, knowing the man’s affinity for wine, said he would give him a bottle of wine every time he came to his apartment for a treatment (hand and foot baths). The man agreed and soon, the eczema was gone. Nuns, who had previously taken care of the man, noticed the incredible improvement in his skin and began to start seeing Mességué for their own illnesses. Word of mouth quickly spread and he found himself with more patients than he could deal with. 

Rising in Fame

“I was often consulted by the professional classes. These are the intellectuals, the people who feel the need to get ‘back to nature,” who do not blindly admire progress for the sake of progress. They’re afraid that science is overreaching itself and they often stop and wonder: Where is the world heading? What are we playing at?”

Maurice Mességué

The second celebrity that Mességué treated was Mistinguette. Born in 1875 she was a famous French entertainer whose remarkable career lasted over 50 years. One could think of her as the first Marilyn Monroe. In 1919 her legs were insured for 500,000 francs! Mistinguette did not pay Messegue for his treatments, instead she taught him the ways of high society and introduced him to many influential people. 

Throughout his book Messegue claims to have treated the richest and most glamorous people of the times while also seeing a third of his clientele for free. From King Farouk of Egypt, to poet Jean Cocteau to high ranking political figures including Winston Churchill Mességué was constantly amazed that a son of a peasant spent time with such celebrities. 

Reading through his autobiography is like taking a stroll through time. As each famous person’s story was recounted I looked up the person on wikipedia to gain further insight into these movers and shakers of the 50s and 60s. Of course none of the entries mentioned Mességué. 

I’ve already mentioned that the only sources of information I’ve had to go on is Mességué’s own books. I have been unable to substantiate any of the stories he tells. Conveniently most of the famous people he treated died several years before his book was published. Or were those people specifically chosen for his book because they had passed on? While he shares the maladies and herbs given for most of the people he features in his book he withholds the treatment for some, stating he only writes about the maladies that were well known in the public eye, otherwise it is confidential. 

The only factual glitch I find in his book was regarding the treatment of Pierre Loutrel, known as Pierrot le Fou (Crazy Pete). Loutrel was the  “Al Capone of France” and was wanted as a dangerous criminal. Mességué claims to have treated him for an ulcer in 1950, but according to Wikipedia Loutrel died in 1946, a year before Mességué was in practice. Did Mességué misremember? Is wikipedia mistaken? Does that warrant a dismissal of all of Mességué’s claims? For me, I’ve chosen to believe his story and to relish the thought of an herbalist helping thousands of people, young and old, rich and poor at a time when herbalism was all but dead in North America. 

Legal Battles

“The act of healing did not begin in the twentieth century. Granted that science has made such great progress, it is true nonetheless that our ancestors had discovered plenty of methods of treating various afflictions.”

Maurice Mességué

Mességué’s rise to fame did not go unnoticed. His first court case was April 28, 1949 where he was charged with practicing medicine without a license. The defense was only allowed to call 28 out of the 50 witnesses to speak in support of Mességué. He was found guilty. The trial and ruling came as a strong emotional blow to Mességué, but he barely had time to notice. The next day there were hundreds of people waiting in line to see him. 

Mességué continued to practice herbalism despite the French government’s persistent opposition. He went to court over 20 times, was found guilty multiple times and had the cases dismissed a few times. Through each case he continued to raise a growing number of support. By his last court case he said there were 20,000 letters of written to the judge in his favor. 

Although he had strong words for some of the practices within the medical establishment, Mességué  did not denounce western medicine on the whole. He very much wanted to be accepted by the doctors and to be considered one of their colleagues. 

I began to realize just how dangerous medicine can be, and when I hear of babies being treated for eczema with shots of cortisone, or year-old infants being given barbiturates, I have no hesitation in calling it criminal folly. 

Maurice Mességué

His Methods

“Though my methods were sometimes puerile, I was rediscovering for myself the principle I was to apply for the rest of my life: Treat the patient rather than the disease.” 

Maurice Mességué 

Mességué almost exclusively used herbs in external treatments. He treated everything from arthritis to bronchitis to impotence to digestive problems with hand and foot herbal baths and poultices. Throughout his autobiography Messegue reminds us that there is no herbs for eczema, instead he always worked with people and not their disease. 

He used a pendant to help him with diagnosis and for choosing herbs although he states multiple times in his autobiography that he did not place any magical belief in the pendant. He was careful not to give a medical diagnosis, asking patients for the diagnosis of their doctor. He does attributes many ailments to “liver problems” or “kidney problems.” 

For Mességué the plants were of supreme importance. He felt that only wild harvested plants, growing far from cultivation and pesticides that had been dried to perfection offered the best healing abilities. 

“It was equally clear to me that I couldn’t go to some unknown shop in Paris and buy desiccated herbs that would have lost two-thirds of their virtue. I had to have my own plants, I had no confidence in any others, and so I crammed my suitcase with plants and bottles.”

Maurice Mességué

Mességué refused to treat tuberculosis and cancer and he refused to treat someone under the direct care of a doctor. Instead he specialized in people whose doctors had told them there was nothing more they could do. And while Mességué claims to have witnessed many miraculous cures he is quick to state that it is the power that God put in the plants that heals, not him. 

His “Herbal”, The Health Secrets of Plants and Herbs is filled with interesting information about some of western herbalist’s favorite plants. His love of the plants is very evident in his writings and immediately inspire me to book a flight to southern France to smell the thyme and gaze on the corn poppies. One hundred plants are included in his herbal and many have beautiful color plates as well. 

“Look at lavender, or at nettles or at mint. They are modest-looking plants. One could take them as the very symbols of humility. And yet these three plants alone can deal with as many troubles as can a family medicine-chest full to bursting.”

Maurice Mességué

Mességué’s Plants

Celandine (Chelidonium majus)  was one of Mességué’s most used and most revered plants. 

“My father introduced me to it. He used to say that it was both the best and the most wicked of herbs. He called it swallow wort and one day he showed me how the swallows took some of the sap to their little ones in the nest to protect them from blindness. It was not till much later that I learned that the Greek word Chelidon does in fact mean swallow.”

Mességué never used this plant internally, instead it was always used as a hand and foot bath as was his custom. 

Mességué considered celandine to be a premier herb for the liver. He says it is specific for jaundice, hepatitis and swelling of the gallbladder. As a member of the poppy family, it is a sedative and can also relieve spasms of the organs. 

He goes on to say he recommends it for every case of insomnia as well as rheumatism, gout, kidney troubles, asthma, bad nerves, chronic bronchitis, anxiety and serious allergies. Used as a compress it works as a vermifuge for uninvited guests in the digestive tract, ringworm and herpes. Celandine seems to have been in practically everyone of his formulas. 

Here is a description of the hand and foot baths as recommended by Messegue. 

Celandine water bath

• Boil 1 and 3/4 pints of water and leave it for five minutes. 
• Add a small handful of celandine flowers, leaves and roots. Let it macerate for 4-5 hours. 
• When it is done, boil 3 1/2 pints of water. Let this stand five minutes and then add to the herbal brew. 
• This brew can be used for eight days and can be reheated (not boiled). No new herbs need to be added to this mix. 

Mességué recommends boiling the water in china. He does not recommend metal or plastic for herbal preparations. 

Foot baths should be taken in the morning on an empty stomach. The water should be as hot as possible. The bath should last no longer than 8 minutes. Hand baths are taken in the evening before dinner. Again they should last no longer than 8 minutes and the water should be as hot as possible. 

Mességué’s Accomplishments 

Mességué practiced herbalism from 1947 on and saw tens of thousands of patients. 

In 1958 Maurice Mességué created the Wild Herbs Laboratories which later became the Mességué Laboratories. It was the first herbal business to be strictly “organic” and denounce any use of pesticides. The business still exists but I believe it has now been sold. http://www.Mességué.com

But I can promise you one thing-you won’t find the slightest trace of any chemicals. My herbs have grown free in their chosen soil, where nature intended them to grow. They were happy plants, and that’s important. When you’re happy you’re at your best.

Maurice Messsegue

In 1971 Mességué was elected the Mayor of Fleurance, a small town in southwestern France and home to his retail herbal store. He continued to serve as the chief magistrate until 1989. 

He is the author of at least ten books, not all of which have been translated to english. 

In 1994 he created the Institute of Maurice Mességué to continue his work. (I found a listing and address in a French directory but was unable to learn anything more.) 

Italy hosts five different spa and wellness centers which give treatments based on Mességué’s methods including hand and foot baths and his dietary regimens. They are called the Centres de cure Maurice Mességué. One of these is run by his son, Marc Mességué.

Conclusion

Maurice Mességué was a pioneer of herbalism. He was practicing in France at a time when herbalism was all but dead in North America. He is a strong voice for the plants, reminding us the best remedies grow outside our door and include our common weeds as well as fresh air and sunshine. Mességué is still living and is a ripe age of 91. 

I hope that by writing this book I am leaving a message for future generations. Let us hope that the destruction and pollution that our civilization wreaks upon nature will be brought to a halt; let us hope that our children in their turn will have the chance to admire the cornflower and the poppy an the wild rose and rejoice in their beauty... before they use them to ease their complaints! 

Maurice 

Mességué

Resources 

If you've enjoyed learning about Mességué, then I highly recommend going to the source. The two following books are the ones I cited in this article. 


Of People and Plants: The Autobiography of Europe's Most Celebrated Healer

Health Secrets of Plants and Herbs

I am currently writing a series of Plants in France. Check out the labels tag on the left hand column to read about some of Messegue's favorite plants. 

Plants in France: The Grand Yellow Gentian

Gentian growing wild with
valerian in the background

Yellow gentian (Gentiana lutea) from the French alps is world renowned for its healing abilities. It has been used as medicine in Europe for 2200 years. 

We first saw this plant growing high in the French alps in a meadow filled with dandelions and buttercups. My husband’s father pointed it out to us, and, partly because he had misidentified a few plants already, I was sure he was mistaken. The non-flowering plant highly resembles false hellebore (Veratrum viride). A plant that demands respect and caution! 

Yellow Gentian (Gentiana lutea) before flowering

False Hellebore (Veratrum viride) 
See the resemblance? 

But sure enough, this tall beauty was indeed the highly revered local gentian. We found it growing throughout mountain sides in France. Later in the trip we found it growing on a volcano in central France. 

This is a perennial, herbaceous plant that grows up to two meters tall. It flowers after about three years and the roots are harvested for medicine after it is 5 to ten years old.

Because yellow gentian from France is especially revered for medicine, it has been over harvested. France has it designated as an endangered plant and it is illegal to harvest it unless you have a special permit. Mountain Rose Herbs carries gentian root from a cultivated source in France that is very high quality. I’ve been using this myself for the past year in my digestive blends.  

Gentian root is bitter, bitter, bitter. Its actions are cooling and drying. (For more information on how herbalists use the sense of taste, sign up for my newsletter in the upper left-hand column and receive an ebook on the Taste of Herbs for free!)

It is most famously used as a bitter digestive tonic and is frequently made into an aperitif, which is a before dinner drink that increases the appetite. This can be especially useful before eating a rich and fatty meal, which, of course, the French are famous for! After our visit to this beautiful meadow Xavier’s father took us bar hopping - herbalist style. We tried several different digestifs and aperitifs featuring local bitter plants, gentian among them. 

One of my favorite aperitifs that we tried in France!

Gentian is an ingredient in angostura bitters, stockton bitters and vermouth. While traveling around the Alps in France we found numerous small companies that made an aperitif from gentian. Before the introduction of hops it was used as a bitter flavoring for making beer in Germany and Switzerland

As a cooling bitter it has other uses as well. 

It’s used as a antipyretic for use during high fevers. King Gentius of Illyria, who lived from 180-67 BCE is said to have discovered gentian as medicine after this plant cured his army of a mysterious fever and today the plant continues to carry his name. 

This strong bitter is also used as a vermifuge, to expel worms or parasites from the body. 

In the mid 1800’s, gentian was mixed with licorice as a remedy to quit smoking. 

Nicholas Culpepper wrote in the mid 18th century that it was a sure remedy for the plague, but I haven’t had the opportunity to try that out yet.  

Maude Grieve recommends the following recipe as a stomach tonic to restore appetite and improve digestion: 

2 OZ. of the root,
1 OZ. of dried orange peel,
1/2 oz. bruised cardamom seeds 

quart of brandy 

Infuse for four weeks, strain and use in small doses. 

You can buy the ingredients for this recipe at Mountain Rose Herbs (and by using this banner you also help to support the writings on this blog - thank you!)

Do you use yellow gentian? I’d love to hear how you are using this or other bioregional gentians. 

In the spring of 2011 I traveled to France with my (French) husband, Xavier. Like most herbalists on vacation, I felt this was the perfect opportunity to see plants! In this Plants in France article series I am  bringing you photos and lore of some of western herbalism’s favorite plants from locations while highlighting French locations, history and use. This article series is based on the video series that is published at HerbMentor.com. 

To see other blog posts in this series click on the label "Plants in France"


Health Secrets of Plants and Herbs by Maurice Messegue is a great source of information for herbalism through a French perspective